grep COMMAND:
grep command selects and prints the lines from a file which matches a given string or pattern.
SYNTAX:
The Syntax is
grep [options] pattern [file]
OPTIONS:
-A
Print num lines of text that occur after the matching line.
-a
Don't suppress output lines with binary data, treat as text.
-b
Print the byte offset of input file before each line of output.
-c
Print's the count of line matched.
-d action
Define action for accessing the directories read read all files in the directories. skip skip directories. recurse recursively read all files and directories
-e pattern
Search for pattern.
-h
Print matched lines but not filenames.
-i
Ignore changes in case; consider upper- and lower-case letters equivalent.
-n
Print line and line number.
-q
Prints in quite mode, prints nothing.
-r
Recursively read all files in directories and in subdirectories found.
-v
Prints all the lines that do not match.
-V
Print Version.
-w
Match on whole word only.
You can also use Patterns for search operation.
.
Matches single character.
*
Wild Character.
^
Starting with.
$
Ending with.
EXAMPLE:
Lets assume that we have a file file1.txt and it has the following data.
hscripts has many valuable free scripts
It is the parent site of www.forums.hscripts.com
hscripts include free tutorials and free gif images
Purchase scripts from us
A webmaster/web master resource website
To print all lines containing hscripts :
grep 'hscripts' file1.txt
The output will be.
hscripts has many valuable free scripts
It is the parent site of www.forums.hscripts.com
hscripts include free tutorials and free gif images
To print the count of line that matches hscripts.
grep -c 'hscripts' file1.txt
The output will be.
3
To print the lines that starts as hscripts.
grep '^hscripts' file1.txt
The output will be.
hscripts has many valuable free scripts
hscripts include free tutorials and free gif images
To Search the files in HEC directory which has the string "include":
grep -c 'include' HEC/*
The above command will print the file name and count of line that matched the string "include" Sample output:
HEC/admin.php:3
HEC/auth.php:1
HEC/calendar.php:3
HEC/checklogin.php:0
HEC/colors.php:0
HEC/msize.php:3
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